Medieval Weapons and Men At Arms.

Ibrahiim al Balooshi · 19th June 2017, 01:59 AM

Salaams Philip,
In Respect of #2 second picture from top and refered to in the previous post ~To slightly tidy that picture up a little; It was painted in 1618 by Sebastiaen Vrancx who is seen in portrait below and who painted a lot of Eighty Years War battles as well as other non combat works of art... He had been an officer in that war thus he painted with some authority.

From Wikipedia I Quote "Sebastiaen Vrancx, Sebastiaan Vrancx or Sebastian Vranckx[1] (pronounced [ˈvrɑŋs]; 22 January 1573 – 19 May 1647) was a Flemish Baroque painter and draughtsman who is mainly known for his battle scenes, a genre that he pioneered in Netherlandish painting. He also created landscapes with mythological and allegorical scenes, scenes with robbers, village scenes and celebrations in cities.[2] He was a gifted figure painter who was regularly invited to paint the staffage(see below) in compositions of fellow painters.[3]"Unquote.

Staffage ~
In any Old Master landscape, townscape or villagescape, you may find figures embarking on their daily activities. ‘Staffage’, a term more commonly adopted in the late-18th and early-19th centuries — possibly derived from the Old French term estoffe, meaning 'stuff’, or the German staffieren for ‘decorate’ — refers to the human and animal figures that populate pictures, either with subtle anonymity or with historical and biblical significance.

For comparison I place another similar battle by Vrancx showing the shock effect of pistols~ wheel locks at short range by charging cavalry in full armour!

See https://books.google.com.om/books?id...%20war&f=false for techniques to blacken armour which was a regulation..

They used soot and linseed oil then burned it on. Browning and blueing were more expensive...

See also http://jeanmoust.com/categories/batt...n/item-1142207 for some history on the 30 and 80 years wars...and more artist details.

Regards,
Ibrahiim al Balooshi.

Ibrahiim al Balooshi · 19th June 2017, 03:50 AM

Jousting continued...

Reference;
A. http://www.vikingsword.com/vb/showth...light=jousting

From Wikepedia Quote" Jousting is a martial game or hastilude between two horsemen wielding weapons of joust with blunted tips, often as part of a tournament. The primary aim was to replicate a clash of heavy cavalry, with each opponent trying hard to strike the opponent while riding towards him at high speed, if possible breaking the weapon of joust on the opponent's shield or jousting armour, or unhorsing him. The joust became an iconic characteristic of the knight in Romantic medievalism. The participants experience close to three and a quarter times their body weight in G-forces when the weapons of joust collide with their armor.[1]

The term is derived from Old French joster, ultimately from Latin iuxtare "to approach, to meet". The word was loaned into Middle English around 1300, when jousting was a very popular sport among the Anglo-Norman knighthood. The synonym tilt dates ca. 1510.

Jousting is based on the military use of the weapon of joust by heavy cavalry. It transformed into a specialised sport during the Late Middle Ages, and remained popular with the nobility in England and Wales and Germany throughout the whole of the 16th century (while in France, it was discontinued after the death of King Henry II in an accident in 1559).[2] In England, jousting was the highlight of the Accession Day tilts of Elizabeth I and James I, and also was part of the festivities at the marriage of Charles I.[3]

Jousting was discontinued in favour of other equestrian sports in the 17th century, although non-contact forms of "equestrian skill-at-arms" disciplines survived. There has been a limited revival of theatrical jousting re-enactment since the 1970s."Unquote.

The smallest picture below shows~ Depiction of a standing joust in an Alsatian manuscript of ca. 1420 (CPG 359); protection for the legs of the riders is integrated into the horse armour.

Key to the last three pictures below which includes Henry VIII Armour is at http://www.thetudortattler.com/2012/...sting-and.html

For the others simply type Jousting Tournaments into the web.

Ibrahiim al Balooshi · 19th June 2017, 05:01 AM

The following detailed package is available on the web at http://www.medievalwarfare.info/ and is an excellent resource.

fernando · 19th June 2017, 02:21 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Ibrahiim al Balooshi

Jousting continued ...

From Wikepedia Quote" Jousting is a martial game or hastilude between two horsemen wielding weapons of joust with blunted tips, often as part of a tournament...

The term is derived from Old French joster, ultimately from Latin iuxtare "to approach, to meet"...

If i may Ibrahiim ... a little home made adjustment:
Looking into Portuguese dictionary there are two separate aceptations for the term justa (joust). One is Provençal (Occitan) josta, meaning in fact confrontation, namely middle age tournaments, in which combats between two men armed with a lance took place. The other is Latin juxta, meaning just, no more no less, the right measure, from which taking it as a prefix means by side, together with.
Not much of a differene, anyhow.
Herewith a few lance heads used in these combats, pictured at the Metropolitan Museum.

.

fernando · 19th June 2017, 02:48 PM

And a few years ago from the Philadelphia Museum i brought the following pictures, those associated with knigths tournaments.

.

fernando · 19th June 2017, 07:09 PM

And here is a magnificent collection of tournament shields (pavises) at the Metro, posted by member Andi:
http://www.vikingsword.com/vb/showth...ghlight=pavise
(Scroll down the thread for uploaded images).

fernando · 20th June 2017, 11:44 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Ibrahiim al Balooshi

... Jousting was discontinued in favour of other equestrian sports in the 17th century, although non-contact forms of "equestrian skill-at-arms" disciplines survived...

Like this one ...

(Pictured at the Philadelphia Museum).

.

Ibrahiim al Balooshi · 20th June 2017, 10:45 PM

A well thought out dictionary of Jousting terms is at http://www.thejoustinglife.com/2013/...ing-terms.html

See http://www.medieval-life-and-times.i...rds-and-armor/ for a compendium of detail on the general subject of Medieval Swords and Armour.

European Medieval Arms and Armour http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/make/hd_make.htm

Ibrahiim al Balooshi · 21st June 2017, 12:24 AM

Leaving the art of Jousting to one flank I wondered about Medieval Sword and Armour Makers thus I now turn to that wide subject and taking an essay at the MET Museum as the start point I Quote'' Dirk H. Breiding
Department of Arms and Armor, The Metropolitan Museum of Art on the website http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/make/hd_make.htm

Despite the fame of their legendary predecessors, as well as many Far Eastern counterparts, comparatively little is known about European makers of arms and armor. The names of a few fourteenth-century armorers have come down to us, but substantial documentation begins only in the fifteenth century. The same holds true for the manufacture of sword blades, staff weapons, bows and crossbows, firearms, and ordinance (cannon founding), where famous names rarely appear before the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The modern concept of the individual artist begins to emerge only from the late fourteenth century onward, which may explain why, in the manufacture of arms and armor, cities and regions of origin often take precedence over the craftsman/artist.

Italy
By far the most important regions of armor production in Renaissance Europe were northern Italy and southern Germany, with workshops from both regions exporting their products throughout Europe. Probably the most dynamic center of armor manufacture during the fifteenth century was the Italian city of Milan, home to the earliest comparatively well-documented family of armorers, the Missaglias. This prominent family produced at least four known armorers—Tomaso (recorded 1430, died 1452), Antonio (recorded 1441, died 1496), Giovanni Angelo (recorded 1496–1529), and Damiano (recorded 1514)—and their workshop appears to have exported armor all over Europe. During the sixteenth century, Milan housed the workshop of the Missaglia descendant Filippo Negroli (ca. 1510–1579), who may be regarded as the most skilled, esteemed, and famous armorer of his age, perhaps of all time. Together with his relatives Francesco (ca. 1522–1600), Giovan Battista (ca. 1511–1591), Alessandro (ca. 1528–1573) and Giovan Paolo (ca. 1513–1569), the Negrolis produced sumptuously decorated parade armor for the Holy Roman Emperor, the dukes of Urbino, as well as the French and Spanish royal courts. At the same time, however, the urban and courtly workshops of Brescia and a number of southern German cities had successfully challenged Milan’s dominance".Unquote

It occurred to me that artwork showing some of the ancient armour and sword smiths would enhance the thread thus~

Ibrahiim al Balooshi · 21st June 2017, 01:14 AM

Reference;
A. http://www.vikingsword.com/vb/showthread.php?t=5453

Continued from #18 above with another Quote from http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/make/hd_make.htm

Quote"German-speaking Countries
Armor production in the German-speaking countries centered on several hubs: the imperial cities of Augsburg, Basel (Swiss after 1501), Landshut, and Nuremberg, as well as the court workshop of the Holy Roman Emperors in Innsbruck. All were famous for their plate armor, produced by renowned armorers or armorer families. In Augsburg, the Helmschmied family, with its most prominent members Lorenz (active 1467, died 1515), Kolman (1471–1532), and Desiderius (1513–1579) worked for the archdukes of Austria and Tyrol, the Holy Roman Emperor, and other wealthy clients. Equally prominent was the Seusenhofer family, particularly the brothers Konrad (active 1500, died 1517) and Hans (active 1514, died 1555), who in turn controlled the newly established imperial workshop at Innsbruck, producing armor for the emperor and his court. Wolf(gang) Großschedel (1517–1562) of Landshut received the patronage of King Philip II of Spain and his court. And in Nuremberg, Kunz Lochner (ca. 1510–1567) acquired an international reputation and included among his clients Emperor Charles V, the dukes of Saxony, and the kings of Poland.

In addition to the workshops of famous makers of plate armor, various cities specialized in certain types of production. Nuremberg had long earned a reputation for its mail armor and, moreover, in the later sixteenth century became a center for the production of wheel-lock firearms. Cologne was known for the manufacture of fine swords and mail armor from at least the twelfth century. The names of Passau and Solingen were synonymous with sword blades: the famous Passau “trademark”—a running wolf incised on the blade—signified such exceptional quality, that during the fifteenth century, Solingen blade smiths began to copy the mark and apply it to their own blades."Unquote.

See this famous armour below at https://weaponsandwarfare.com/2015/10/08/late-armor/ where it states Quote"In Germany in the early 16th century the armorers’ craft received strong encouragement from the informed patronage of Emperor MAXIMILIAN I. Among the famous makers who worked for Maximilian and his successors were the SEUSENHOFER FAMILY of Innsbruck and the HELMSCHMIED FAMILY of Augsburg".Unquote

On mention of fire arms here are some wheel locks which can be closer viewed at http://metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/22378 and whereas these may be slightly late we shall be covering Medieval fire arms in some detail soon...

Ibrahiim al Balooshi · 21st June 2017, 03:55 AM

The following is a web page worth reading . It balances the Medieval period with the the follow on Renaissance very expertly. Please see;

http://web.ceu.hu/medstud/manual/SRM/arms1.htm

and from which I Quote" Given this, one can no more understand the medieval world without having an understanding of weapons and armor than one can understand European intellectual development without ever having been exposed to Aristotle." Unquote.

19th June 2017, 02:48 PM	#5
fernando (deceased) Join Date: Dec 2004 Location: Portugal Posts: 9,694	And a few years ago from the Philadelphia Museum i brought the following pictures, those associated with knigths tournaments. . Attached Images

20th June 2017, 10:45 PM	#8
Ibrahiim al Balooshi Member Join Date: Jul 2006 Location: Buraimi Oman, on the border with the UAE Posts: 4,408	A well thought out dictionary of Jousting terms is at http://www.thejoustinglife.com/2013/...ing-terms.html See http://www.medieval-life-and-times.i...rds-and-armor/ for a compendium of detail on the general subject of Medieval Swords and Armour. European Medieval Arms and Armour http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/make/hd_make.htm Last edited by Ibrahiim al Balooshi; 21st June 2017 at 02:33 AM.

21st June 2017, 12:24 AM	#9
Ibrahiim al Balooshi Member Join Date: Jul 2006 Location: Buraimi Oman, on the border with the UAE Posts: 4,408	Leaving the art of Jousting to one flank I wondered about Medieval Sword and Armour Makers thus I now turn to that wide subject and taking an essay at the MET Museum as the start point I Quote'' Dirk H. Breiding Department of Arms and Armor, The Metropolitan Museum of Art on the website http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/make/hd_make.htm Despite the fame of their legendary predecessors, as well as many Far Eastern counterparts, comparatively little is known about European makers of arms and armor. The names of a few fourteenth-century armorers have come down to us, but substantial documentation begins only in the fifteenth century. The same holds true for the manufacture of sword blades, staff weapons, bows and crossbows, firearms, and ordinance (cannon founding), where famous names rarely appear before the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The modern concept of the individual artist begins to emerge only from the late fourteenth century onward, which may explain why, in the manufacture of arms and armor, cities and regions of origin often take precedence over the craftsman/artist. Italy By far the most important regions of armor production in Renaissance Europe were northern Italy and southern Germany, with workshops from both regions exporting their products throughout Europe. Probably the most dynamic center of armor manufacture during the fifteenth century was the Italian city of Milan, home to the earliest comparatively well-documented family of armorers, the Missaglias. This prominent family produced at least four known armorers—Tomaso (recorded 1430, died 1452), Antonio (recorded 1441, died 1496), Giovanni Angelo (recorded 1496–1529), and Damiano (recorded 1514)—and their workshop appears to have exported armor all over Europe. During the sixteenth century, Milan housed the workshop of the Missaglia descendant Filippo Negroli (ca. 1510–1579), who may be regarded as the most skilled, esteemed, and famous armorer of his age, perhaps of all time. Together with his relatives Francesco (ca. 1522–1600), Giovan Battista (ca. 1511–1591), Alessandro (ca. 1528–1573) and Giovan Paolo (ca. 1513–1569), the Negrolis produced sumptuously decorated parade armor for the Holy Roman Emperor, the dukes of Urbino, as well as the French and Spanish royal courts. At the same time, however, the urban and courtly workshops of Brescia and a number of southern German cities had successfully challenged Milan’s dominance".Unquote It occurred to me that artwork showing some of the ancient armour and sword smiths would enhance the thread thus~ Attached Images Last edited by Ibrahiim al Balooshi; 21st June 2017 at 03:35 AM.

21st June 2017, 01:14 AM	#10
Ibrahiim al Balooshi Member Join Date: Jul 2006 Location: Buraimi Oman, on the border with the UAE Posts: 4,408	Reference; A. http://www.vikingsword.com/vb/showthread.php?t=5453 Continued from #18 above with another Quote from http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/make/hd_make.htm Quote"German-speaking Countries Armor production in the German-speaking countries centered on several hubs: the imperial cities of Augsburg, Basel (Swiss after 1501), Landshut, and Nuremberg, as well as the court workshop of the Holy Roman Emperors in Innsbruck. All were famous for their plate armor, produced by renowned armorers or armorer families. In Augsburg, the Helmschmied family, with its most prominent members Lorenz (active 1467, died 1515), Kolman (1471–1532), and Desiderius (1513–1579) worked for the archdukes of Austria and Tyrol, the Holy Roman Emperor, and other wealthy clients. Equally prominent was the Seusenhofer family, particularly the brothers Konrad (active 1500, died 1517) and Hans (active 1514, died 1555), who in turn controlled the newly established imperial workshop at Innsbruck, producing armor for the emperor and his court. Wolf(gang) Großschedel (1517–1562) of Landshut received the patronage of King Philip II of Spain and his court. And in Nuremberg, Kunz Lochner (ca. 1510–1567) acquired an international reputation and included among his clients Emperor Charles V, the dukes of Saxony, and the kings of Poland. In addition to the workshops of famous makers of plate armor, various cities specialized in certain types of production. Nuremberg had long earned a reputation for its mail armor and, moreover, in the later sixteenth century became a center for the production of wheel-lock firearms. Cologne was known for the manufacture of fine swords and mail armor from at least the twelfth century. The names of Passau and Solingen were synonymous with sword blades: the famous Passau “trademark”—a running wolf incised on the blade—signified such exceptional quality, that during the fifteenth century, Solingen blade smiths began to copy the mark and apply it to their own blades."Unquote. See this famous armour below at https://weaponsandwarfare.com/2015/10/08/late-armor/ where it states Quote"In Germany in the early 16th century the armorers’ craft received strong encouragement from the informed patronage of Emperor MAXIMILIAN I. Among the famous makers who worked for Maximilian and his successors were the SEUSENHOFER FAMILY of Innsbruck and the HELMSCHMIED FAMILY of Augsburg".Unquote On mention of fire arms here are some wheel locks which can be closer viewed at http://metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/22378 and whereas these may be slightly late we shall be covering Medieval fire arms in some detail soon... Attached Images Last edited by Ibrahiim al Balooshi; 21st June 2017 at 03:30 AM.

19th June 2017, 01:59 AM	#1
Ibrahiim al Balooshi Member Join Date: Jul 2006 Location: Buraimi Oman, on the border with the UAE Posts: 4,408	Salaams Philip, In Respect of #2 second picture from top and refered to in the previous post ~To slightly tidy that picture up a little; It was painted in 1618 by Sebastiaen Vrancx who is seen in portrait below and who painted a lot of Eighty Years War battles as well as other non combat works of art... He had been an officer in that war thus he painted with some authority. From Wikipedia I Quote "Sebastiaen Vrancx, Sebastiaan Vrancx or Sebastian Vranckx[1] (pronounced [ˈvrɑŋs]; 22 January 1573 – 19 May 1647) was a Flemish Baroque painter and draughtsman who is mainly known for his battle scenes, a genre that he pioneered in Netherlandish painting. He also created landscapes with mythological and allegorical scenes, scenes with robbers, village scenes and celebrations in cities.[2] He was a gifted figure painter who was regularly invited to paint the staffage(see below) in compositions of fellow painters.[3]"Unquote. Staffage ~ In any Old Master landscape, townscape or villagescape, you may find figures embarking on their daily activities. ‘Staffage’, a term more commonly adopted in the late-18th and early-19th centuries — possibly derived from the Old French term estoffe, meaning 'stuff’, or the German staffieren for ‘decorate’ — refers to the human and animal figures that populate pictures, either with subtle anonymity or with historical and biblical significance. For comparison I place another similar battle by Vrancx showing the shock effect of pistols~ wheel locks at short range by charging cavalry in full armour! See https://books.google.com.om/books?id...%20war&f=false for techniques to blacken armour which was a regulation.. They used soot and linseed oil then burned it on. Browning and blueing were more expensive... See also http://jeanmoust.com/categories/batt...n/item-1142207 for some history on the 30 and 80 years wars...and more artist details. Regards, Ibrahiim al Balooshi. Attached Images Last edited by Ibrahiim al Balooshi; 19th June 2017 at 02:41 AM.

19th June 2017, 03:50 AM	#2
Ibrahiim al Balooshi Member Join Date: Jul 2006 Location: Buraimi Oman, on the border with the UAE Posts: 4,408	Jousting continued... Reference; A. http://www.vikingsword.com/vb/showth...light=jousting From Wikepedia Quote" Jousting is a martial game or hastilude between two horsemen wielding weapons of joust with blunted tips, often as part of a tournament. The primary aim was to replicate a clash of heavy cavalry, with each opponent trying hard to strike the opponent while riding towards him at high speed, if possible breaking the weapon of joust on the opponent's shield or jousting armour, or unhorsing him. The joust became an iconic characteristic of the knight in Romantic medievalism. The participants experience close to three and a quarter times their body weight in G-forces when the weapons of joust collide with their armor.[1] The term is derived from Old French joster, ultimately from Latin iuxtare "to approach, to meet". The word was loaned into Middle English around 1300, when jousting was a very popular sport among the Anglo-Norman knighthood. The synonym tilt dates ca. 1510. Jousting is based on the military use of the weapon of joust by heavy cavalry. It transformed into a specialised sport during the Late Middle Ages, and remained popular with the nobility in England and Wales and Germany throughout the whole of the 16th century (while in France, it was discontinued after the death of King Henry II in an accident in 1559).[2] In England, jousting was the highlight of the Accession Day tilts of Elizabeth I and James I, and also was part of the festivities at the marriage of Charles I.[3] Jousting was discontinued in favour of other equestrian sports in the 17th century, although non-contact forms of "equestrian skill-at-arms" disciplines survived. There has been a limited revival of theatrical jousting re-enactment since the 1970s."Unquote. The smallest picture below shows~ Depiction of a standing joust in an Alsatian manuscript of ca. 1420 (CPG 359); protection for the legs of the riders is integrated into the horse armour. Key to the last three pictures below which includes Henry VIII Armour is at http://www.thetudortattler.com/2012/...sting-and.html For the others simply type Jousting Tournaments into the web. Attached Images Last edited by Ibrahiim al Balooshi; 19th June 2017 at 04:29 AM.

19th June 2017, 05:01 AM	#3
Ibrahiim al Balooshi Member Join Date: Jul 2006 Location: Buraimi Oman, on the border with the UAE Posts: 4,408	The following detailed package is available on the web at http://www.medievalwarfare.info/ and is an excellent resource.

19th June 2017, 07:09 PM	#6
fernando (deceased) Join Date: Dec 2004 Location: Portugal Posts: 9,694	And here is a magnificent collection of tournament shields (pavises) at the Metro, posted by member Andi: http://www.vikingsword.com/vb/showth...ghlight=pavise (Scroll down the thread for uploaded images).

21st June 2017, 03:55 AM	#11
Ibrahiim al Balooshi Member Join Date: Jul 2006 Location: Buraimi Oman, on the border with the UAE Posts: 4,408	The following is a web page worth reading . It balances the Medieval period with the the follow on Renaissance very expertly. Please see; http://web.ceu.hu/medstud/manual/SRM/arms1.htm and from which I Quote" Given this, one can no more understand the medieval world without having an understanding of weapons and armor than one can understand European intellectual development without ever having been exposed to Aristotle." Unquote.