[Matchlock]

Hi Dana,


First of all I wish to say thanks for posting those images, even though the scans of the xeroxed copies are, as stated by you, not the best.

What we see here is obviously the sad remains of what used to be a long and heavy Spanish miquelet-lock musket of arsenal/'military' type. Both the shape of the butt stock which originally terminated in a trapezoid form, also called a fishtail, and the style of the bone inlays clearly indicate the Spanish-originated style of what was to become the characteristic 'musket' stock by the mid-16th century.
The flower-like shaped engraved bone rondels reflect the Late Renaissance style prevailing all over the European continent from ca. 1590 till 1620, thus allowing to assign a close date line of ca. 1590-1600 to the gun - which is both very early and quite important to research on firearms of that period in general. The scrolled style of the high-relief wood carvings in the area of the molded thumb recess, on the comb of the butt pointing towards the shoulder of the musketeer aiming the piece, is typical of the decoration of top-quality German muskets manufactured by many workshops in ca. 1600.

For more information, please see my new thread:



One more note of important historical interest, concerning the lock:

The piece of stone wrapped in a strip of lead (German: Bleifutter) clamped in the jaws of the cock, used to strike the steel, producing the red hot sparks that actually ignited the primining powder on the pan, is pyrite - not flint as one might expect!

This fact additionally backs up the time line which I assigned to that fragment of a Spanish miquelet lock musket of ca. 1600, as it proves the historic closeness to the wheellock ignition era, which also employed pyrites, at least from the very beginnings until the outbreak of the Thirty Years War (1618-1648). To my knowledge, the oldest recorded wheellock mechanisms of 'military'/arsenal type, excavated and salvaged with their original flints still clamped between the jaws, and almost always in lead wrappings, can be dated to the period of ca. post-1630.

In the famous Tøjhusmuseet in Copenhagen/Denmark, I researched and photgrapically documented several detached wheellock mechanisms, preserved in virtually 'untouched' primeval 'as they were left' condition since they were laid aside some 400 years ago! On all these instances of detached wheellock mechanisms, the pyrites are wrapped in lead strips, now heavily oxidized and discolored to a pale gray.


I will post my photos soon.


Best,
Michael
(Michael Trömner)



A very large number of recorded gun makers marks, comprising barrel smiths, lock makers and gun stockers, all point out the both important and well-known area around the town of Suhl, Thuringia, Germany. Today, there are still thousands of original and completely preserved muskets, which are on exhibition almost all over the Western World. There are hundreds of museums and private collections holding those muskets, including an extremely fine piece dated 1602 on the hexagonal (!) barrel, mounted on the stock with a central top edge. In weaponry, the German term of this extremely rare sort of finest made barrels is Schweinsrückenlauf (a barrel shaped like a hog's back).

This musket dated 1602 ranges among a very small group of the world's topmost pieces of the most refined sort of 'military' long guns produced and marked by Suhl workshops from ca. 1590 to 1610, which means ca. 1600. It is a relatively large number of muskets mounted with barrels struck with an unusually comprehensive pack of historically recorded facts, allowing experts to assign that close date line to this limited group.



Those facts quite often comprise:



I. Barrel marks


I.1 Marks primarily struck:
in the read hot iron, and by the barrel smiths - before the barrels were sent to be proofed

They are easily identifiable by being clearly struck deepest, meaning struck in the iron powerfully while still in red heat; many of both the initials and symbols of these stamps have been identified and assigned to Suhl workshops; a name and symbol often identified is KLETT, meaning burdock



I.2 Marks secondarily struck:

This group mainly comprises the marks of dealers, mostly also identifiable, and very often belonging to members of the well-known KLETT family, too



I.3 The Suhl proof marks

SVL and the hen, the symbol of the Countship (German: Grafschaft) of Suhl, Thuringia, Eastern Germany



I.4 Dates struck

Quite often, barrels of such high-quality arsenal muskets are dated, meaning that a date was secondarily struck, and after the barrels had both passed the proof and had been polished/finished on the upper side not covered by the stock;
the underside of barrels mounted on 'military'/arsenal muskets was always left in the rough, and blued