As Wolviex has noted, this motif with highly religious symbolism and the likelihood of the central figure being the Virgin Mary does strongly suggest a Polish blade. It is interesting that in this case, the crescent moon is depicted separately, though it is below her figure, which may concur with the typically maintained image of her standing on the crescent.
In "The Herder Symbol Dictionary" (1978, p.183), it is noted that "...Mary, as the immaculate Virgin, is sometimes represented with a crown of stars on her head". Possibly the field of stars that are seen in the motif may be added in that manner, and it does seem significant that the total number of stars (including the North Star) equals ten. This may suggest the Pythagorean sum of 1+2+3+4, which symbolizes the essence of perfection and harmony.
The sun in the context of this motif may symbolize Christ, and 'the Sun of justice' (op.cit. p.187).
Typically, the 'talismanic' blades of the 18th century maintained various cabalistic symbols and themes which often included the sun, moon and a single star and often presume occult associations. Most of these have more to do with folklore and alchemical or astrological allegory than the dark connotations that are often suggested.
The fullering of the blade seems consistant with 17th and 18th century sabre blades found on Polish and Hungarian examples, and while we are focused on the blade motif, it would be interesting to see the hilt on this.
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